Transcript for Overcoming Barriers to Health Care

The video begins with a man with a physical disability walking. His hands are on his feet. He is wearing a black shirt and black pants with orange designs. He has items in his shirt pocket. Voice of another man says, “TASO clients…”

Cut to a man sitting in an office. His name is Edward Muwanga. He is the Coordinator of Psychosocial & Community Work at The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) in Uganda. He is wearing a purple and white striped button-down shirt. He is also wearing a blue surgical mask. There is a bulletin board behind him with multiple papers pinned to it. He says, “especially those with a disability, most of them are not employed.” Melancholic piano instrumental starts.

Cut to a man with a physical disability sitting on top of a piece of cardboard. His right hand is placed on a blue box of items. He is wearing a watch. He is smiling and speaking to someone outside of the frame. Muwanga continues, “Yet keeping clinic visits call for support in form of transport….” Cut to Muwanga. He is seated at a desk with papers on it. He says, “some people are isolated from the main roads.”

Cut to drone shot of a small village in the middle of a forest. Muwanga continues, “Some people isolated from the main roads. They need to pay some money so that they can reach the treatment center, yet these people are not employed.” Cut to Muwanga. He is holding a blue pen. He continues saying, “Some of them are living without caretakers. They don’t have relatives. TASO as a clinic does not provide transport.”

Cut to point-of-view shot of person driving a car around the streets of Uganda. “We only provide treatment.” Cut to Muwanga. He says, “So, people with disability find it very challenging to connect from their places of residence to the treatment center.”

Cut to white building and a parking lot full of cars. There is a white tent next to the right of the building with some people standing at it. “That is TASO,” says Muwanga.

Cut to a sign of “THE AIDS SUPPORT ORGANISATION (TASO) – UGANDA” in blue font. TASO’s logo, in blue, black, and white, is to the left of the blue letters. The sign also states “HEAD OFFICE & TASO MULAGO – MULAGO HOSPITAL COMPLEX” underneath the blue letters. The overall sign is placed under a tree. The leaves on the tree are gently swaying in the wind. “That poses a very big challenge.” Melancholic piano instrumental music continues.

Cut to a crowd of people sitting on benches. There is chatter in the background. Cut to a close-up of a man with short hair. A person with a white and black head covering is seated next to him.

Cut to Maria Lukunda. She is a MADIPHA beneficiary. She is seated with an orange handbag hanging on the chair. She has long black braids and is wearing a blue headband. She is wearing a white, purple, red, and brown flowery dress. She has on a blue face mask under her chin. She is blind. Lukunda says [speaking in Luganda], “I became blind in 2015. And I take ARVs that I pick up from TASO. “I face challenges when am coming from the village and thus transport is my biggest problem to move to the hospital.

Cut to a man wearing a purple shirt with brown pants. He is wearing a white Irish cap. He is carrying Lukunda’s orange handbag. He holds hands with Lukunda as they walk up a hill. She is using a white cane. Cut to Lukunda speaking in Luganda.

Cut to a group in a sitting area. Each of them shifts forward to occupy an empty spot along the bench. Cut to a point-of-view shot of a person as a passenger on a motorcycle ride. The sun is setting. Brief cut to a hallway with people seated on chairs. One man is standing. He is wearing a blue, white, and red jacket. He is also wearing light brown pants and is carrying a brown crossbody bag. He has an orange cap on. Cut to close-up shot of a woman wearing a pink shirt. There are people sitting next to her, on the left.

Cut to Steven Jjemba. He is a MADIPHA (Masaka Association of Persons with Disabilities Living with HIV/AIDS) and TASO client. He was the same man with a physical disability described at the start of this video. He says [speaking in Luganda], “Transport is my biggest challenge because if you don’t have money, it’s difficult to pick medicine from the hospital. It’s important to get means of transport. That’s the biggest challenge, but if you get a person to lend you, when you get it, you can pay back. Right now, in my situation, during the pandemic motorcycles were not allowed to carry passengers. There were police officers who could stop motorcycles from taking me. I could explain to them that I am disabled, but they could not understand. Motorcycles were being stopped from carrying passengers. I could explain to them that I have to get something to eat. If I stay home, I won’t be able to eat. But still, some could try to stop me. But still, I found some that were genuine and could understand. One day I was tempted to go to the District Residence Commissioner. When I reached there, he said unless someone does not understand but your situation is self-explanatory. He assured me that I should continue using motorcycles in case you get arrested, refer back to me. He could understand but I kindly request the government to sensitize its workers about the requirements of people with special needs as our disability is visible.”

Cut to people in white coats walking past the left side of the frame. Two people are wearing white coats. One woman is wearing white and green shirt, and another wearing a purple and gold dress. Cut to Steven Jjemba speaking Luganda. Cut to Steven Jjemba sitting with another man. They are having a conversation. Both men are smiling. The man is wearing bright orange pants with neon green, red, and blue designs. He is also wearing a gray shirt. He has on a watch and a necklace. The man hands Jjemba some cash. He picks up a pair of black sandals with minor red designs. They shake hands.

Cut to black screen with a title card in yellow font that says “Steven is a cobbler who mends shoes. His income is less than two to three U.S. dollars a day.” Melancholic piano instrumental volume increases. Cut to Steven Jjemba speaking in Luganda. Cut to a man wearing a red shirt, blue pants, and green sandals. He walks up to Jjemba, takes a seat next to him, and hands Jjemba one brown slipper. Cut to close-up shot of Jjemba sharpening a tool. Cut to Jjemba speaking in Luganda. Cut to a reception area full of women. There are two women at the reception desk. Cut to close-up of one receptionist wearing a brown blouse and a white hijab. She is sorting some papers on a desk while holding a pen. The second receptionist, in a white shirt, appears to give directions to a guest.

Cut to close-up shot of a person using a black pen to fill out a form. There is an orange folder next to them, on a table. Edward Muwanga says, “We make follow-ups.”

Cut to a poster of Ugandan flag and a U.S. flag joined together with a big red ribbon on a door. The words “President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief” are underneath the flag in black font. There is another door to the right with a sign that says, “PLEASE USE NEXT DOOR 102.” Edward Muwanga says, “We come that as-home care where we visit patients with special needs.”

Cut to Edward Muwanga speaking. He is seated on a black chair. There is a red, purple, and white curtain behind him. “We come back on as-home care where we visit patients with special needs. At their homes,” says Muwanga.

Cut to close-up of Maria Lukunda smiling. Muwanga continues, “And, the major purpose of doing this, one is to give them home-based treatment.” Cut to Lukunda walking with a man. She is wearing a brown coat over her dress. The man is wearing a purple shirt with a white Irish cap. They are holding hands. They are both wearing face masks under their noses. There are two women behind both. One of the women briskly walks by. There are some bricks and other construction materials behind Lukunda. Muwanga continues, “We can choose to treat them from home. Secondly, to assess the home environment. We’re looking at hygiene.” Cut to Muwanga. “Who is providing the basic needs, yes, we look at the community support.”

Cut to Steven Jjemba sharping a tool. He starts to smile. There is a person sitting near him to the right, their face outside of the frame. They are wearing blue pants, green sandals, and a red shirt.

Cut to Muwanga. “First of all, give them, empowerment counseling. We make them realize, the opportunities around them.”

Cut to a man in a white coat. He is wearing a gray button-down shirt and black pants. He examines a woman’s arm with a pair of white disposable gloves on. The patient is wearing a white dress with black designs. There is medical equipment behind the man. Muwanga says, “We make them to realize, the resources they may take to their advantage.” Cut to a close-up of the medical professional. He briefly looks to the left. “We provide them with… adherence counseling.” Cut to a close-up of another patient. She has blue earrings on. Cut to a close-up of the medical professional injecting a needle in the patient’s skin.

Another cut to a woman wearing a dark brown shirt with the sleeves rolled up. She presses a cotton swab on an injection site on her arm. She has short hair and is wearing blue earrings. “Adherence counseling, adherence counseling is concerned with how best can take the treatment, and how can this treatment be available to you,” says Muwanga.

Cut to Maria Lukunda holding a book. There is a title card on the bottom of the screen that says, “A book showing how a patient can best use their ARVs and when they are expected to report back for further medical checkups.”

Cut to Edward Muwanga saying, “We go ahead to provide family counseling.”

Cut to two women speaking to each other on a bench outside. There is foliage and grass behind them. One woman’s back is turned back to the camera; she has reddish brown braids tied in a ponytail and is wearing a green shirt with another lace black shirt over it. She has on gold hoop earrings. The woman she is speaking to has on a black shirt with a black-and-white shirt over it. She has short black hair. Cut to close-up of a woman with short hair speaking to a woman with braids. Muwanga says, “Because we had cases of discrimination, family members can choose to neglect that person.”

Cut to Muwanga explaining, “So there, TASO… intervenes. And talk to the family members. Making them realize the value, the worth of this person living with HIV and disability.” Cut to a close-up of the woman with the white and black shirt making hand gestures. Cut to the two women speaking to each other on a bench. There is a covered walkway behind them. “Making them realize the family, the worth of this person living with HIV and disability,” says Muwanga Cut to Muwanga saying, “Instances where people with disability have been abandoned, we talk to the family members, and we see how we can reunite them.”

Cut to Maria Lukunda walking with a man wearing a purple shirt and a white Irish cap on. They both walk past a white gate. Muwanga says, “We talk to the family members, and we see how we can reunite them.” Cut to Muwanga. “So, that kind of family counseling, to the families, where we have a person on treatment, and this person is living with HIV, is very much emphasized. That family counseling.” Cut to close-up of Muwanga. He is looking downward. “We provide HIV preventive counseling. To the people with disability so that they don’t get HIV.” The melancholic piano instrumental transitions to a melancholic guitar instrumental.

Cut to a close-up of Maria Lukunda holding two pill bottles. She is seating on her brown coat on a red and white mat. Her orange handbag is next to her. A title card in a yellow font at the bottom of the screen saying, “A client holding ARVs in her arms.” Cut to Muwanga speaking. “Because a person with a disability has a right to enjoy the sexual rights, have sexual partners, you know?”

Cut to two people sitting at a table. Papers are hanging on light blue walls around the room. Two men with white coats are in the room. One of them walks across the room.

Cut to Steven Jjemba saying [in Luganda], “First of all, most especially those people in the government positions, they have to consider that people with disabilities are like other people. Because in case someone goes to the hospital and explains to the officials that I have a disability, I kindly request that they should allow me to use the motorcycle to receive my medication and I leave as early as I can to do other things, as it’s not allowed and yet you have requested them and he can visibly see it. As our disability can’t be hidden but you request them and instantly refuse but honestly can see it.”

Cut to a room with hospital beds. People are occupying the beds on the left side of the frame. There are blue mosquito nets above the beds. A man with a white coat on walks down the room and past the frame. He has a black stethoscope around his neck and is wearing a red and white button-down shirt with black pants. He has a small white book in his hands.

Cut to Steven Jjemba speaking in Luganda. Cut to the outside of a white and light blue building. One van is parked on the left. A black car on the right drives off. Two men walk in opposite directions. Cut to Jjemba speaking in Luganda.

Cut to a dimly lit reception area. Two people are seated behind a desk while one woman with a white shirt on stands at the desk with her hands resting on her face. The woman’s arm is resting on the reception desk. A security guard in a blue uniform and hat walks past the reception desk.

Cut to Edward Muwanga. There is a brown shelf to the left stacked with black binders with white labels on them. Underneath the shelf is a brown cabinet with a blue plastic water bottle and other items. There is a calendar behind Muwanga and a brown door to the right. Muwanga says, “Once a person living with HIV, and a person is having a disability, once confirmed HIV positive, it is important that you accept the status.”

Cut to Jjemba and Lukunda. “‘I am HIV positive, yes, you accept and look at the way forward.” Cut to Muwanga speaking, “Because after accepting, you can make a good treatment plan. But if you deny the test results, you cannot come up and make a good treatment plan…”

Cut to a woman with a pink blouse and a white coat on. Her hair is in a high bun. She is assembling medication. There is another person wearing a white coat to her left. They are doing the same thing. Brief transition of a close-up of someone sorting pills with a gold-colored tool. Cut to a man wearing a white coat speaking with a woman in a red and white shirt at a kiosk. There is a person wearing a black-and-red shirt with black pants, waiting behind her. The man hands the woman at the front of the kiosk a piece of paper.

Cut to Edward Muwanga saying, “and work with a support team, work with a team of counselors, work with a team of peer educators.” Cut to a room full of people conversing with one another at a table. There is a stethoscope and papers on the table. “Make a plan for the positive living: ‘How do I live with HIV and disability?’” Cut to Muwanga saying, “Of course, life will go on, as somebody’s on treatment.”

Cut to black screen with a title card in a yellow font that says “It’s important to note that we are all potential victims of disabilities through diseases like HIV, accidents, wars, and natural calamities. Creating an inclusive environment for people with disabilities makes accessibility easier for other people and prepares for those incoming uncertainties. Let us work on not leaving anyone behind.”

Melancholic guitar instrumental fades out. Screen fades to black.

Transcript for It Takes a Village

Video opens with the Basoga Tribe from Uganda performing a cultural dance. They are wearing black T-shirts and long, orange scarves tied around their waists. Video cuts to TRIUMPH’s Uganda’s red and blue logo. Melancholic synth music starts to play.

“I needed a platform where I can use my story, my lived experience to build hope in other families who experienced mental health issues like what I’ve gone through, “says Robinah Alambuya, TRIUMPH’s Uganda’s executive director, “and displaying that it is possible to have mental health issue, yet you continue with your life, making a meaningful contribution to society.” Video cuts to a younger Robinah leading a meeting with other TRIUMPH members. Then it transitions to a photo of Robinah wearing a bright blue shirt and white headscarf. She is holding a sign that says, “#Stop Sexual Abuse!”.

“Our first meetings were in 2008,” she says. Video cuts to a photo of two TRIUMPH members holding a sign that says, “Why not affirmative action also in elections.”

“It was a family initiative to begin with. We began calling people on a monthly basis to come home and just to be…We take some tea together,” says Robinah. Video shows a series of photos of TRIUMPH member gatherings. “We would call members who have experienced mental health issues and they would come around – those who chose to come – they would come around and we just share some tea together, and we talk about these issues and our experiences. Then we’ll share information. We’ll do encourage one another. It was like a peer-support group.”

Video cuts to Robinah standing outside and talking with government officials. In the next shot, a group of young Ugandan women stands in a circle outside. “We come, and we share freely and openly that this is part of life and these people are part of our community, which need to include them and make sure that they participate and actively get involved.”

Series of photos of TRIUMPH members and Robinah. “And also seeing the fruit from our lives, for us have stood out, and we began mentoring the younger people, so the younger people we’ve mentored especially the families can witness because, like children who have fallen out of school, some have come back to school,” says Robinah. “Children who had lost hope that maybe they would never make it in life, they have gone even up to university with the support that they get from the peer support that we give them – the information, the hope-building.”

Video shows a series of photos of young TRIUMPH members dancing and posing for the camera. “The impact of TRIUMPH and our work as prior can be seen or witnessed by families. We have one of the younger ladies who is well-known – Esther Suubi, who was connected to me by her mother because I shared a lived experience,” says Robinah. “One of her years was really distracted by what she was experiencing.”

Video shows photos of Esther at various family and TRIUMPH events and also speaking to the camera as a spokesperson for TRIUMPH. “When she was connected to me, of course, I just kept on using my story and caused the heart to see light for the in the future, and then the training because we mediated on that time Disability Rights Fund had us to build the self-esteem of these younger women, adults and younger women with psychosocial disabilities,” says Robinah. “We were able to give trainings on building self-esteem, hope-building, and strengthening the peer support among the younger people.”

Robinah continues: “I’m so privileged to see that now she’s really serving in TRIUMPH. Happily, she’s now a peer educator, supporting others, and she’s even leading our Disability Justice Project as a fellow.” Video cuts to a photo of Esther holding a camera and then to a screenshot of an article Esther wrote for the Disability Justice Project. The headline is, “Teen Pregnancy During Covid: Triumph Uganda advocates for better access to sexual and reproductive health services for women and girls with disabilities.”

“I’m very proud, and I also feel good that I’ve added value in my lifetime,” says Robinah. “I’m adding value to other people’s lives.”

A black title card with black letters on a yellow background says, “Copyright – @2021. Triumph Uganda. All rights reserved.”

Transcript for Inclusion for All

The video starts with soft, hopeful guitar music, mixed with some trumpet. Cut to a metal gate. Solomon Olakunle Okelola opens the gate and walks through. He is wearing a green button-down shirt and brown pants and has a headset around his neck. He is carrying a white cane. Okelola is a Nigerian man with closely cropped hair. He is DeafBlind.

“My name is Solomon Olakunle Okelola,” he says. He closes the gate behind him.

Cut to Okelola sitting in an interview. He is wearing a red turtleneck shirt and a hearing aid in one ear. The interview background is a white, shimmery curtain with diagonal stripes of brown and tan. “And I am the executive director Lionheart Ability Leaders International Foundation.”

Okelola locks the gate and, using his cane, walks toward the building. “Lionheart Ability Leaders International Foundation is a non-governmental organization of patriotic citizens who have the zeal to work together to make a difference in their society with special regard to individuals with disabilities – women and children.”

Okelola is standing at the bottom of the stairs. “Some people think DeafBlind cannot climb the staircase. Here we go!” he says. Okelola folds up his cane and starts walking up the stairs. When he gets to the top, he swings from a bar: “Here we are!”

Cut to inside the Lionheart offices. A man stands at a table, talking with staff. “We work to enlighten the general public and the government about the ability of individuals living with disability about the true nature and need of these individuals and how everybody can join hands together to provide for these needs with the aim of giving these individuals ample opportunity to lead meaningful and productive lives in their society,” says Okelola. More shots from inside the office. A man with dark sunglasses sits in a chair. He has a mask around his neck and is wearing a brown striped, short-sleeve polo shirt. He is talking with the man standing at the table. A woman with albinism looks at her phone. She has long, brownish-red hair and is wearing a pink shirt and sunglasses on her head. Another woman with large glasses and her hair piled into bun smiles at the camera. She is wearing a pink, frilly blouse.

Cut to the man with dark sunglasses sitting in the chair. Okelola says, “We work to equip people with the communication, interpersonal and emotional intelligence that will enable them to live peacefully one with another for self-actualization and for societal progress and transformation.”

Cut to Okelola swinging from the bar at the top of the stairs. He says, “And!” He drops his cane, and it clatters down the stairs. “I think we have to do that one again,” he says. Someone laughs off-camera.

A quick fade to black, and then these words come onscreen: Copyright @2021 Lionheart Ability Leaders International Foundation. All rights reserved.

Transcript for If There’s a Wheel, There’s a Way

Video starts with soft piano music with guitar. Scader Louis, a Malawian woman with short dark hair and a pink shirt and floral pants, is seated in a wheelchair at her desk. She wheels her chair toward the camera. “So my name is Scader Louis,” she says. “I’m the co-founder of Spinal Injuries Association of Malawi.”

Video cuts to a closer shot of Scader at her desk, looking at her computer. “I’m also the vice-chairperson of Federation of Disability Organizations (FEDOMA) in Malawi,” says Scader, as the video cuts to her in an interview. She is seated in front of a beige couch and wall, with patterned brown-and-white curtains behind her.

Video cuts to a group of men in wheelchairs gathered in a circle outside. “SIAM – Spinal Injuries Association of Malawi – is a grouping of people like myself who have spinal cord injury,” says Scader. Video cuts to a series of photos of SIAM members. “And it was started by a group of, I think, five people (I was the only lady) in 2011 after we noted that persons with spinal cord injuries, we are facing a lot of challenges.”

Scader continues: “When you look at someone in a wheelchair like myself, often people assume that my challenges are the same as someone maybe with polio.” Video cuts to a photo of SIAM members seated on a bench inside. “With spinal cord injury comes a number of secondary complications with the injuries,” says Scader. “Because this is an acquired disability, you may not have had a full understanding of your rights as a person, but you also need to be integrated back into the community and be able to participate and to make your own contributions.”

Video cuts to a woman in a wheelchair collecting money. People are dancing around her and throwing money into her bucket. “So in 2011, there wasn’t a lot of information around spinal cord injuries,” says Scader. Video cuts to a series of photos of SIAM members. “There wasn’t a network, and because as a group we noted that gap we thought of starting this grouping, and I’m happy to report that over the years it has really grown,” she says. “So we are working with the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital.” Video cuts to an exterior shot of the hospital. “We were also partnering then at the district level with Malawi Against Physical Disabilities (MAP), and we are visiting rehabilitation centers,” Scader adds. Video cuts to an exterior of MAP with a banner across the front of the building that says, “MAP: Malawi Against Physical Disabilities.”

Video cuts to a photo of a Malawian man pushing a woman in a wheelchair over a threshold and into a brick building. “We are also visiting our peers in their homes,” says Scader. “We are in all the regions in Malawi. We are in all the districts.”

Video cuts to a wide shot of a group of Malawian men playing basketball outside. You can hear someone off-camera laughing. “The funding that we recently received from DRF – the Disability Rights Fund – we are training more people to become peer supporters in their districts, “Scader continues.

Video shows a young Malawian woman in a wheelchair receiving a certificate at an event. She and the presenter turn to the camera and pose with the certificate. “There’s a lot that we need to do because government really is not placing issues of disability as a priority,” says Scader. Video cuts to SIAM members in wheelchairs playing basketball outside.

“Government is a duty-bearer, so it is supposed to take care of its citizens,” she says. “Persons with spinal cord injury but also people with disabilities they do pay taxes, and they’re supposed to benefit from the programs that government is implementing.”

Video cuts to Scader in the interview. “We shouldn’t leave anyone behind, so we have to be involved from the designing to the planning to the implementation to the monitoring and all that, and this doesn’t only go to government but it also goes to non-government organizations because they are also implementing a lot of programs which are not inclusive by design,” she says.

Video shows more SIAM members playing basketball. It ends on the young woman in the wheelchair who received a certificate maneuvering her wheelchair and facing the camera for a second before turning away.

A title card says, “Copyright @2021 SIAM. All rights reserved.”

Transcript for Finding the Light

Video starts with gentle guitar music and a photo of NOUSPR members standing in a circle outside. A Rwandan man wearing a mask appears to be talking with them. The people in the circle have bundles of supplies at their feet. The next photo is of NOUSPR members sitting in a room in white chairs, masked, and the third photo shows NOUSPR members sitting on the grass with more bundles of supplies in front of them.

The next shot is of a NOUSPR billboard. It says “NOUSPR-UBUMUNTO: National Organisation of Users and Survivors of Psychiatry in Rwanda” and includes contact information. It also shows the NOUSPR logo – a drawn face – and tagline: “seeking dignity.”

The video cuts to an interview with Mariza Munah, NOUSPR’s advocacy officer. She is sitting on a large, brownish beige couch and wearing a brown and orange dress. Her short, dark hair is pulled back in a scarf. “I believe that mental health issue in our country is one of the neglected disabilities,” she says. The video cuts to Mariza in the office. She is sitting behind a computer, with a NOUSPR poster behind her. “So I think direct advocacy can work here in our country,” she says. “If we really meet those people who can really bring change like the politicians, the authorities, the police, the Ministry of Health, all those organizations that can really bring change.”

The video cuts to Mariza walking down a dusty street in a village. “With that, people with mental health issues can get help,” she says. The video cuts back to Mariza in the interview on the couch. “I have been working with NOUSPR for a long time now,” she says. Video shows a photo of NOUSPR members standing outside again, with bundles of supplies at their feet. Video cuts to a closeup shot of four NOUSPR members talking in a room. There are two men and two women, and two of them are pointing at something in the corner.

Video returns to Mariza on the couch. “In our culture, we don’t believe that there is such a thing like depression or anxiety,” she says. Video cuts to three NOUSPR members in white coats (like the kind doctors would wear) with the NOUSPR logo. “They believe that you just have to face whatever comes your way and still be strong and still be normal,” says Mariza. Video cuts to a photo of dozens of NOUSPR members sitting in front of a NOUSPR banner that says, “Focus on Suicide Prevention.”

“Now that people are realizing that this is an issue, it’s a very big problem,” Mariza says, “especially with what our country went through, the genocide and the war.” Video cuts to an old photo from Rwanda. Military vehicles drive down a dusty street while families with bundles on their backs walk beside them. Video shows a screenshot of an academic study with the headline “Rwanda – lasting imprints of genocide: trauma, mental health and psychosocial conditions in survivors, former prisoners, and their children.”

“I think it’s going to be very, very difficult to make people who have been understanding this thing in the wrong way for a very long period of time, to make them now see how things really are,” says Mariza. Video cuts to a photo of a purple banner that says, “The light will eventually overcome the darkness of genocide.”

“I think it’s not easy, but it’s possible that people can change their mindset,” says Mariza.

Transcript for Disability Inclusion Music Video

Black screen with the words “Chesire Homes Society of Zambia” in big white letters. Upbeat music starts. Blurred video of someone walking and the word “Presents” pops on the screen in white letters. *voiceover* “Chesire Homes Society of Zambia with support from the Liliane Foundation.” The words “John Chiti” pop on the screen in white letters as video of the person walking continues. Cut to a closeup of the person with a navy-blue shirt walking during daylight. He is bald and wearing dark sunglasses. Someone starts to sing. “Oooooh, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. It’s a D line production.” The person, John Chiti, begins to sing and dance. “Live in one big eye. Disability inclusion, yeah. Disability inclusion, hey. Disability inclusion. Disability inclusion, hey. Live in a one big eye…”

People are sitting outdoors. Some are in wheelchairs, and others are sitting with their babies, enjoying the sunlight. Chiti continues to dance in different locations: office, around a swimming pool, in the streets. A sign language interpreter signs some of the lyrics. Chiti continues to sing: “Live in one big eye. Disability inclusion, yeah. Disability inclusion, hey. Disability inclusion. Disability inclusion, hey. Live in a one big eye. All we want is inclusion. Disability inclusion…hey. Live in one big eye. We are living in global health pandemic, yeah. Coronavirus is here. And everyone is concerned. If you are not infected, then you are affected. Rising numbers of infections, keep us all affected. That’s why, we have put up office measures. Wash your hands, wash your hands. Social distance, social distance. Wear a mask, wear a mask. Please stay at home. Wash your hands, wash your hands. Social distance. Yeahh.” This time, Chiti is wearing a half-sleeve maroon-colored shirt. He sings joyfully outside: “Disability inclusion, yeah. Disability inclusion, hey. Disability inclusion. Disability inclusion, hey. Live in a one big eye. All we want is inclusion. Disability inclusion…hey. Live in one big eye.”

The video shows bright purple water filters and sanitizers. People are wearing masks and sanitizing their hands. A man joins him in the dance. He is wearing a reddish-brown jacket with a matching cap. People are still sitting outdoors while they are being shown how to wash hands and sand sanitize properly for safety reasons.

The song continues, “Disability inclusion, yeah. Disability inclusion, hey. Disability inclusion. Disability inclusion, hey. Live in a one big eye. All we want is inclusion. Disability inclusion…hey. Live in one big eye.” Another, person is now getting his nose-swab done for a COVID-19 test. Chiti continues singing about gender inclusion: “Have you thought about gender balance…yeah. Inclusion of persons with the disabilities. Think of caregivers. Consider personal assistants. What about women and girls? Are they included? Yeah…physical accessibilities. Do all structures. Crucial concerning is needed. Oh yeah, yeah. Reasonable accommodations. Modified modalities. Information in accessible formats. Yeaahh.” Song continues in another language. People with disabilities are standing together and holding flyers that say, “We can do it.” Chiti continues to sing: “Disability, it’s not inability. Give us the opportunity because we can do it…yeah.” People are holding flyers of “Disability Inclusion.” Song continues: “Disability, it’s not inability. Give us the opportunity because we can do it…yeah” The same lines keep on repeating: “Disability, it’s not inability. Give us the opportunity because we can do it…yeah.” Many people are dressed in suits and ties. People continue to dance from their wheelchairs while Chiti continues to dance with another man around the swimming pool and with people. The music is fading slowly and the screen dissolves.

Transcript for Disability and HIV

Video starts with soft guitar music with moody vocals and a photo of Richard Musisi, the executive director of MADIPHA. Richard smiles into the camera and is wearing a blue MADIPHA polo shirt. “Musisi Richard is my name,” he says. “I am the executive director of MADIPHA, of Masaka Association of Persons with Disabilities Who are Living with HIV and AIDS.” Video cuts to a photo of Richard gesturing to a small group of people outside. “It started in 2009.”

Video cuts to a photo of a large group of MADIPHA members holding up a white MADIPHA banner. A second photo shows MADIPHA members gathered inside, listening to someone speak. A MADIPHA banner hangs across a long, side window.

Video cuts to an interview setup with Wanyana Cate, co-founder of MADIPHA. She has short, dark hair and is wearing a beige dress patterned with diamonds. “We started as five people, and we decided to start MADIPHA with the aim of showing people that there is a possibility that PWDs can get infected with HIV/AIDS and still live long lives,” she says.

Video cuts to a photo of a large group of people outside with MADIPHA banner behind them. A second photo shows an audience from behind listening to someone speak at the front of the room. “As MADIPHA, so far in those 10 years we’ve done quite a lot of work,” says Richard. Video cuts to people with disabilities gathering outside at an annual forum for World AIDS Day and International Day of Persons with Disabilities. Several people are holding crutches and talking in a circle. Video cuts to a different scene at the forum – a man in a wheelchair and two government officials next to him, with people gathered at tables behind them. “One, sensitizing and mobilizing PWDs to seek for HIV and AIDS services within their nearby local health facilities,” says Richard. “We have also supported them to live positively through those peer-supported groups they are organized in.”

Video shows more photos. The first is a group of MADIPHA members looking at a whiteboard with notes written on it. The words “Masaka Association of Persons with Disabilities Who are Living with HIV and AIDS” are at the top of the whiteboard. A boy in a wheelchair reaches for something on the floor. In the second photo, a man is sitting at a table, holding a piece of bread and laughing. A woman in a purple dress sits next to him.

The video cuts to a photo of a man walking outside and carrying a large, green thermos. He is wearing a red, checked cap and a sports coat with a MADIPHA polo shirt underneath. He is smiling broadly. The video cuts to another photo of MADIPHA members posing for the camera outside a building. “We have also done a lot of work around advocacy to ensure that the rights for PWDs who are with living with HIV and AIDS are respected, especially at the service delivery centers but also even the policymakers themselves to ensure that people with disabilities can access those services without any form of discrimination,” says Richard. Video cuts to a photo of a boy in a wheelchair speaking into a microphone he’s holding. A second photo shows an older woman sitting next to a young girl. They are peeling the eggs they’re about to eat. A third photo shows a woman in a light pink and beige headscarf smiling next to a window.

“We try to work with other stakeholders, the National Union for People with Disabilities, the National HIV and AIDS service organizations,” says Richard. Video cuts to a photo of MADIPHA members listening to a woman speak at the front of the room. A second photo shows a woman in a white suit smiling at the camera.

Video cuts to a photo of a rural village. “In the past 10 years since MADIPHA was established PWDs have been motivated to live longer and have gained more self-esteem,” says Wanyana. Video shows a man wearing a checked shirt looking contemplative. Light shines on his face through a side window. A second photo shows people gathered around tables, eating.

“They have been given startup capital to enable them to run small businesses from their homes depending on their abilities and knowledge and understand that they have to work hard in order to sustain their lives,” says Wanyana. A woman in a pink, knit cap and yellow T-shirt unlocks a cage. In a second shot, she bends down and tends to her chickens.

Video cuts to a young boy in a long-sleeved, light green T-shirt staring into the camera. A second photo shows three MADIPHA members – a man and two women – talking with a MADIPHA banner behind them. One of the women hands the man what looks like a certificate. A third video shows Richard and other MADIPHA members in MADIPHA polo shirts, posing for the camera outside. The video then cuts to a photo of Richard standing next to a woman with red hair and a pink scarf. They’re both holding microphones. “Because of the need of our work countrywide we are trying to change our registration status to say that we can fit within the national status. Soon will be called something like Association of Persons with Disabilities Who are Living with HIV and AIDS Uganda,” says Richard.

Video ends on soft trumpet music and a series of photos of MADIPHA members. The first is of a woman signing, and the second is a closeup of a woman with a white and pink headscarf, looking contemplative. A third photo is another gathering of MADIPHA members, with Richard talking into a microphone. The last photo is a closer shot of Richard talking into a microphone. At the end of the video, a black title card comes up that says, “Copyright @2021 MADIPHA. All rights reserved.

Transcript for Coronavirus Fight Song

“Disability Rights Advocacy Fund” logo, UPHLS logo, and the words “WASH for All” in quotation marks appear on a white background. Slightly melancholic keyboard music starts. Cut to closeup of a man playing yellow guitar with “OC PICTURES” title card in white.

Cut to a man who is blind and wearing a black-and-gray, button-down shirt, sunglasses, leather jacket, jeans, and black-and-orange sneakers. He is holding a white cane. His name is SingStar Ali, and he is the musical artist of this music video. He appears in a few other scenes throughout the video: he stands in front of a black car with all the doors open, he plays a yellow guitar while sitting on a bench and wearing a white, button-down shirt and a black suit jacket. Lastly, in one closeup scene, he wears a pink-and-white, button-down shirt.

There is a brief transparent cut to a man wearing a blue face mask and then an infographic related to COVID-19.

Cut to SingStar singing the lyric “Singstar,” and a title card “SINGSTAR” appears on screen in white. He then sings “Ali.”

There is a “CORONA” title card in white. SingStar Ali sings the lyrics, “Coronavirus has already grown its roots.” In the lower righthand corner of the screen, a sign language interpreter translates the words. The interpreter is wearing a blue-and-yellow, tunic-like shirt and is seated in front of a white board. He remains in the bottom right corner for the rest of the music video.

SingStar Ali sings, “There isn’t a single person who didn’t feel the outcome.”

Cut to a closeup of a person wearing a blue mask looking at the camera to their left.

Cut to SingStar Ali singing, “For people with disability, it got even worse.”

Cut to a closeup for a hand wearing a blue glove. The hand is holding a test tube that is covered in white paper that says, “Coronavirus” and has two checkboxes for a negative or positive result. There is red liquid in the test tube. The test tube has a yellow cover. There is a red checkmark in the positive checkbox.

Cut to a closeup of a SingStar Ali singing, “Because they already had many obstacles that wouldn’t let them live independently/“Stay at home” happened, poverty got amplified, And stayed.”

A still photograph appears of people standing next to big blue buckets. There is a man wearing a blue face mask and a black-and-red shirt. He has a white watch on. There is a second man to his left wearing a green uniform and a green hat. The second man is wearing a blue face mask. Next to the second man on his left is a woman wearing a black hijab and an orange shirt. She has her hand out, and the man wearing the green uniform is putting something in her hand. To the woman’s left, there is a third man wearing a white face mask. He has on a red shirt and a blue shirt over it. There are yellow letters on the top left corner of the blue shirt.

Cut to SingStar Ali singing, “The ones we worked with began missing jobs/We pushed hard but in vain/We pushed hard but in vain/Life continued getting harder/We continued to strive.”

A closeup image of a blue face mask briefly appears on the screen.

Cut back to the SingStar Ali singing, “But poverty continued to be more than issue/Corona…virus.”

Cut to a closeup image of a hand wearing a blue glove. The hand is holding a test tube that is covered in white paper that says, “Coronavirus” and has two checkboxes for a negative or positive result. There is red liquid in the test tube. The test tube has a yellow cover. There is a red checkmark in the positive checkbox.

Cut to SingStar Ali singing, “People with disability, we will continue fighting you/Corona…virus.”

Cut to a still photograph of a medical professional wearing a white hazmat suit with blue lines on it. They are also wearing green goggles and blue gloves. They are pointing a thermometer to the forehead of a woman. Her hair is in a ponytail, and she is wearing silver earrings.

SingStar Ali sings, “People with disability, we will continue protecting ourselves against you.”

Singstar Ali raps, “Poverty makes it harder for people to find clean water and soap/People with disability among us who were not informed on the epidemic and preventative measures.”

Cut to a closeup shot of a Patrolman stereo.

Cut to a white, black, and brown television set with SingStar Ali strumming his yellow guitar. He sings, “Most of them do not have access to radios, TVs and other communication materials in accessible format.”

Cut to a closeup of a pair of sunglasses and a white cane on a green bench.

Cut to SingStar singing, “We found ways to fight you even if some of us ignored the measures.”

Cut to a still image of a person wearing a white hazmat suit, a blue face mask, and goggles. There is a second man fixing the first man’s hazmat suit. The second man is wearing a blue-and-white polka-dotted, button-down shirt and a white lab coat over it. The second man is wearing a blue face mask, white goggles, and a blue hair net. There is a yellow-and-black wall and a window in the background.

SingStar Ali appears again, singing, “But people with disability know that we still have many obstacles/little stature don’t even know how to get to wash their hands due to theIR HEIGHT.”

Cut to a man with dwarfism wearing an orange shirt. He is wearing a green mask and has black messenger bag slung over one shoulder. He is attempting to lift his hands into a sink to wash his hands.

Cut to SingStar Ali singing, “Inaccessible hand-washing facilities where it is difficult for the people with disabilities to use them, including little people, wheelchair users.”

There is a brief transition to a person wearing green, pink, and black sneakers. They are also wearing dark blue jeans. There is a second brief transition to SingStar Ali.

Cut to a closeup of a pair of hands pressing on a soap dispenser.

Cut to a closeup of a SingStar Ali singing, “Person with visual impairment cannot respect physical distancing properly.”

Cut to a woman who is blind holding hands with a man. The woman is wearing a green dress and using a white cane. She is also wearing a blue face mask and black sunglasses. She has her hair pulled back in a ponytail. The man holding hands with her has a blue-and-yellow shirt on with black jeans. He is wearing a pink face mask. They are both walking towards the camera.

There is a transition to Singstar Ali and then a cut to a still image of people waiting in line. They are all wearing masks. There are yellow buses to their left and a building next to the buses. In the background of this picture is a frame of one of SingStar Ali’s scenes.

Singstar Ali sings, “people with hearing impairment who can’t hear you unless they can read you what you are telling them.”

Cut to a clip of a man wearing a black face mask. He is wearing a white-and-black striped, button-down shirt, and he is pointing towards something. He is sitting on a chair. There is a white board behind him.

Cut to SingStar Ali singing, “And the mask that are there.” He covers his mouth with his hand. A transparent image of a blue mask appears on the screen.

Cut to SingStar Ali singing, “people with mental impairment challenged who are having uncontrolled movement as they wish.”

The song continues: “We know the expansion of coronavirus/Those ignoring it like they don’t know/We pushed hard but in vain.”

There is a brief transition to a still photograph of a medical professional wearing a white hazmat suit with blue lines on it. The professional is also wearing green goggles and blue gloves and holding a thermometer to the forehead of a woman. Her hair is in a ponytail, and she is wearing silver earrings.

Cut to SingStar Ali singing, “Life continued getting harder/We continued to strive/But poverty continued to be more than issue/Corona…virus/People with disability, we will continue fighting you/Corona…virus/People with disability we will continue protecting ourselves against you/We pushed hard but in vain/Life continued getting harder/We continued to strive/But poverty continued to be more than issue/Corona…virus/People with disability, we will continue fighting you/Corona…virus/People with disability, we will continue protective ourselves against you.”

End credits appear on screen. There is a “SINGSTAR” title card in white over shots of SingStar Ali from the video.

Cut to “CORONA” title card in white over a shot of a pair of sunglasses on a green bench.

Cut to black screen and “Produced by UPHLS” title card in white. “Disability Rights Advocacy Fund” logo, UPHLS logo, and words “WASH for All” in quotation marks appear on a white background.

Fade to black.

Transcript for A Place Where We Belong

Introductory synth music starts with a blue screen. In the middle, four blocks merge and show the letters UNDP– United Nations Development Program – with UNDP’s logo. A green screen with black letters says: Disability Rights Fund. It cuts to a pink background and then a green box pops on and yellow and white texts says: OIPPA Presents. A  woman with albinism wearing a yellow jacket and hat is to the right of the green box. Next screen says: “The film documentary,” and to the right is video of two children with albinism sitting on a young man’s lap. The girl is wearing a pink sweater. The boy is wearing a blue baseball cap.

Cut to video of a woman with albinism wearing a pink-and-blue scarf on her head. She says, “Neighbors used to call me the white woman…” On the side, a yellow title card with purple and white letters appears with her name: Nyirabikari Sphora, Beneficiary, OIPPA, Musanze. She continues: “or useless person when passing by.” She is surrounded by what looks like framing from a camera, and in the bottom righthand corner, a red record button blinks.

A black screen appears with bright, light green text that says: “The improved life condition of the people with albinism in Rwanda.” There is what looks like a sunburst in the center.

Cut to a green screen with OIPPA logo. The logo is round with the shape of a sun in the middle. It’s surrounded by the words: “Organisation for Integration and Promotion of People With Albinism. OIPPA.” The words “Economic Empowerment, Education, Healthy, Family Care” fly onto the screen with images of OIPPA’s work from the field.

Cut to a man with albinism sitting in a chair with a green sun hat and gray pullover. Yellow title card with purple and white letters appears on the side with his name: Munyakaragwe Felicien, Beneficiary, OIPPA, Musanze. Felicien says, “If OIPPA were there as today, I would be a master’s degree holder.” Music continues and shows picture of a woman washing clothes and more images of OIPPA’s work.

New melancholic piano music starts. Cuts to two women with albinism sitting outside. One is on a blanket and the other is in a chair and peeling potatoes. Then cut to kids in a village. The one in the foreground is wearing a blue sun hat and beige T shirt. More images of people in a village among crops. Voiceover says: “People with albinism used to be excluded from Rwandan community and neglected. So, they felt lonely.” A child with albinism sits against a wall and cries, and voiceover continues: “This caused the violation of the rights of people with albinism due to poor mindsets of some Rwandans who treated people with albinism as if they are not human beings.” The woman who appeared early on the screen with pink head scarf and now with a mask comes out a front door. Cut to a group of people with albinism – five adults and three children standing in a field.

Cut to two men sitting in what appears to be a meeting. One man is wearing a mask and a suit. The other is bald and wearing sunglasses and a mask. Voiceover says: “The organization that took them from back yards and started socializing with others…” Cut to a man wearing a leather cowboy hat and striped shirt greeting a young boy and his mother in a village. Cut to a closeup of someone stirring a bucket of blue soap. Voiceover says: “The organization that empowered them to self-employ.” Cut to a man riding a motorbike wearing a helmet. *Sounds of the motor* Cut to a man in an army green cowboy hat and sunglasses smiling at the camera with his arm around a woman. Voiceover says: “The organization that brought back their hope.” Cut to a woman with albinism in a green dress laughing.

A group of adults and children are gathered outside and singing and playing music. Voiceover says: “And they no longer feel shy to expose their talents publicly.” A woman and group of children are gathered the man wearing a cowboy hat. He is holding a wooden instrument and singing the lyrics: “He gave us Paul Kagame and we all love him. God is good. God is very good. Ohhh he supported us in many things, God is very good.”

Voiceover continues with more shots of OIPPA in the field: “Not only these, but it also became the voice of voiceless for a couple of years ago.” A green screen with black dots appears. Voiceover says: “This is OIPPA,” and logo appears again.

Three people with albinism are raising their hands and saying: “OIPPA is our home.” Two men are reading – one of them is the same man with the green sun hat. *Smooth melody continues* A green sign with white text appears. Camera pans up to OIPPA logo. Narrator says: “OIPPA is the organization that fights for the rights and socio-economic welfare of people with albinism in Rwanda.” Cut to the same woman peeling potatoes. Voiceover says: “It was established in July 2013. This organization operates in six districts, such as Gasabo, Kicukiro, Nyarugenge, Musanze, Kayonza and Rutsiro. It reaches 215 people with albinism.” The camera shows the village in a hilly area with houses. Children are sitting, and one is looking at the camera. Voiceover says: “It reaches 215 people with albinism, but its advocacy positively impacts on more than 1000 people with albinism’s life across the country.” A man is putting cream on his face. A woman in a green head scarf and yellow shirt and green skirt is washing clothes in a bucket.

A bald man wearing sunglasses and wearing a suit appears to be giving a speech behind a podium. He says: “This organization was established in 2013…” His name appears on the side: “Hakizimana Nicodeme, executive director, OIPPA.” He continues to speak: “after noticing many challenges, faced by people with albinism, for example: being discriminated from Rwandan community, lack of sun lotions [shows a lotion for people with albinism], challenges related to education, healthcare, and economic issues in their families.” Cut to a person walking past a house and past the camera. He is wearing a yellow baseball cap and a red-and-brown-striped shirt.

Cut to black-and-white video of a child wearing a hoodie and then to a child with albinism eating and then a man laughing and smiling. Voiceover says: “Since 2015, people with albinism from sub Saharan region started being attacked by hunters who wanted to kill them and rape woman and girls with albinism…” Camera is zoomed on the eyes of a young child. A person is putting lotion on another child with albinism. More shots of kids with albinism. One is writing at a desk. Others play ball in the street. Voiceover continues: “due to wrong mindsets for them saying that their bones contain gold and having sex with a woman with albinism cures HIV-AIDS.”

Green screen appears with white numbers and reaches up to 2016. Voiceover says: “The report of United Nations Commission on Human Rights, released in 2016, highlighted that a whole dead body of people with albinism cost $75,000, while a leg or an arm cost $2000 in Tanzania.” White text appears on the green screen: “The hunters of albinos sold a whole body ($75,000). The hunters of albinos sold a leg or an arm ($2000).

Cut to black-and-white video of kids playing in the street. Voiceover says: “This caused the killings of people with albinism in Tanzania from 2000 to 2016.”

A green poster appears on a brown wall with text explaining OIPPA’s vision and mission. Shot of someone from behind standing in front of it. Voiceover says: “OIPPA played a great role to protect and fight for a socio-economic welfare of people with albinism…” A person in a sun hat and red pullover is typing. Then it cuts to two men in a meeting, both wearing suits. Voiceover says, “through advocacy, media and elsewhere.”

Hakizimana Nicodeme, the executive director of OIPPA, stands in front of an OIPPA poster. He says: “What impressed us to establish this organization is the killings against people with albinism in the region like in the East Africa and Great Lakes.”

Cut to a poster of OIPPA’s vision. Then a shot of a woman in a purple scarf shaking the hand of a person with albinism with a book on their lap. Nsengiyumva Jean Damascene, executive director, NUDOR, appears on screen. He is wearing a blue-and-pink striped shirt with a flowering bush behind him. He says: “OIPPA played a great role in advocating for them widely emphasizing that someone can intrude in the country and kill people with albinism, although the country is secure. Someone can hear those rumors and feel like they are precious deal and immediately get involved in the killings. It’s OIPPA that lead on that.”

The man wearing a leather cowboy head and red-and-brown striped shirt is singing and playing a wooden guitar-like instrument. Children are gathered around him, listening to his song: “We thank Lord for making us one, but for our own, we could not know each other.” Shots of the groups as they continue to sing: “Ohhh white and black people, he made us one, but our own, we could not know each other.” The person gives the wooden instrument to one of the children and sings: “Ooh, Peneul and I, he made us one, but for our own, we could not know each other. We thank Lord for making us one, but for our own, we could not know each other.”

The music changes to a more upbeat melody. People in the village smile with their children. We see the man in the leather cowboy hat walking with people. Cuts to women washing clothes in buckets. Voiceover says: “In the past years, people with albinism were not valued as other Rwandans. This act made them feel lonely and they were nick-named defamatorily.” A woman with albinism appears on screen. She is wearing a blue-and-red striped sweatshirt and is standing in a field of palms. Her title comes on: Mukamana Vumiliya, beneficiary, OIPPA, Nyarugenge. She says, “Since 1994, person like me didn’t have any value. It means that parents hid him/her after giving a birth or felt like it’s a taboo to beget a child with albinism.”

A man with albinism appears on screen. He is wearing an army green sun hat tied around his neck. His title comes on: Munyakaragwe Felicien. He says, “They called me a white person or colored person. They are so many.” *More intense guitar music* Cut to shots of him feeding his cow.

A man sits in an oversized blue chair in what looks like an office. He is wearing a suit and has glasses and a closely trimmed beard and mustache. His title comes on: Mr. Stephen Rodrigues, UNDP Resident Representative. As he talks, shots of people with albinism are woven throughout. He says: “People with albinism is a unique group within the community of people with disabilities. I think for centuries people with this albinism have been subject to all kinds of misunderstandings and superstition. In some countries there’s violence against them, they’re hunted sometimes for medicinal purposes and so on, but at the heart of it is discrimination.”

Cut to a family of seven siblings and their mother and then to a closeup of one of the brothers with albinism wearing a blue-and-white sun hat. Then cut to shots of him with mother and siblings. Then shots of siblings around a table doing homework. Voiceover says: “A mother was treated disgracefully by family members and friends when she begot a child with albinism, thinking that she cheated on her spouse or owned satanic power.” A child is holding a pen and writing on a paper. Voiceover continues: “On the other hand, children whose parents albinism were hurt by their colleagues.”

A woman in a black leather jacket is sitting in a living room. She says, “For the first time, it was difficult because family members went away from me. They called me a prostitute, saying that I slept with white men. It became a cold war.” Her name appears on screen: Murekatete Claudine, Beneficiary, OIPPA, Musanze.

Cut to shot of same family with siblings with albinism. Cut to a shot of a woman sitting in the woods and wearing a green checked head scarf and a gray T shirt. Her title appears on screen:  Akingeneye Chantal, Beneficiary, OIPPA, Musanze. She says, “They said however they want, she has begotten a stupid, she has begotten a white child. Is that one a child? Because my husband stood by my side, we helped each other, and we kept standing firm.”

A man sits outside a mud/brick home. He is wearing a brown shirt. He says, “At my school, I can’t accuse any one because he/she says that my father has albinism, as I am grown up. But it hurts me a lot when they are teasing me.” It cuts to a wide of him and his mother and father, who has albinism.

Three people sit in front of a wall inside. A person wearing green t shirt says, “They did not tell me that because I have a sister with albinism except that some people did not appreciate him and no one could carry him, but they finally changed their mindsets.”

A young person with albinism in a recording window effect says, “Mum, I am going to read for you a gospel word by Luke 6:36.” He is wearing a blue hoodie. He continues, “Be merciful, just as your father is merciful.”

*Slow Piano music* Green screen appears. Voiceover says: “Results from Population and Housing Census conducted in August 2012 revealed that 9% of children with albinism due to limited teachers specialized in special needs education, learning space difficulties, families’ issues and not to socialize with their classmates.” The screen shows an arrow and text says “Children with disabilities who dropped out of school. 9 percent.” More text on screen:  “Insufficient knowledge on special needs education. Environmental influence. Socio-economical influence.” A woman is washing clothes. Voiceover continues: “And there are some children with albinism who dropped out of school due to discrimination against them and unfair support by their teachers and colleagues.” Woman washing clothes smiles at her child, who is sitting and sucking a thumb.

*Piano music in the background* Cut to Mukamana Vumiliya’s interview. She says, “There were more challenges indeed! Among them, there were some challenges that caused me to drop out of school.” She starts to cry and says, “And I was not aware of my rights, but now I am. Although I did not complete my studies, others will. This is advocacy, I can make for them so that they can get the quality of education. We cannot face the same challenges.”

Gasangwa Obed is sitting on a beige couch in an army green sun hat tied around his neck and a black coat with white stripes. He says, “After moving to this place there were our neighbors. When they saw us, they said that we are animals, and they went away from us. But slowly by slowly, they became familiar with us.”

Iradukunda Bertine is sitting with her siblings. She is wearing a beige hat and a purple pullover. She says, “I could meet someone and insulted me a white person and failed to be patient, I immediately became rude to him/her.”

Cut to a young man wearing black-and-white checked shirt and a sun hat. He says, “The challenges that I faced was the discrimination against me and lack of sun lotion.” He walks through the doorway carrying books and pencils. He sits with two other people and reads. He is feeding grass to his cow. *Piano music continues* The green OIPPA poster appears with the text “vision.” Voiceover says, “Before the establishment of OIPPA, people with albinism were not able to get sun lotions, sunglasses, and sun capes…” People are putting on lotion and hats. Voiceover over continues: “because they are too expensive to afford them. And they suffered from the sore and failed to work during sunny period.” Cut to people harvesting outside and more people putting on lotion. *Piano music intensifies* Cut to a woman with albinism in a yellow shirt and a baseball cap. She says, “It was difficult for us to go to school during sunny period because we did not get sun lotions.” Cut to a wide of her peeling a potato and then back to a closeup.

Rukundo Janvier, beneficiary, OPPA, Rutsiro, wearing a blue hoodie says, “When I was learning without sunglasses it was difficult to see the blackboard. I only sat in front of while doing a quiz and he gave me more 15 minutes. He could not refuse to give me more time because I was very smart. In fact, it was a challenge.”

Ntihinyurwa Olivier is sitting on a beige couch with black sunglasses. His title says: OIPPA, Kicukiro. He says, “Before I was scared to say I am not seeing the blackboard. I felt a nervous about that. I could not tell neither a teacher nor a student that I can’t see the blackboard. Sometimes our teacher gave us an immediate quiz after completing all units. You know they gave us a quiz about notes that I did not take due to being nervous to inform my teacher on my problem. They helped me with nothing so I always stayed behind others.”

The woman in a pink shirt and purple head scarf reappears in front of a house. She says, “I anointed myself with lotion that I bought for 100 Rwandan francs, but it was useless to my body.” “How was it?” asks the interviewer. The woman replies, “I have told you that my body was sore from the sun.”

Slow-motion shot of hands opening a jar of sunscreen. *Music shifts to more somber tone* The woman puts the cream on her hands and face. She greets another woman near a clothesline, and they laugh. Landscape in the background and then scattered images of people in a village. Voiceover says: “To meet the sustainable development goals, government and its partners ensure that no one is left behind and heard the voice of disabled persons including people with albinism.”

A woman comes out of the house wearing a checkered shirt. She opens a sunscreen lotion. A man puts the cream on his body, and voiceover says: “Now some people with albinism have been elected to lead local government institutions although they are limited compared with advertised vacancies.”

Cut back to Munyakaragwe Felicien’s interview. He says, “I am in charge of information in my village, and I am also a Isibo leader.”

Mukarusine Claudine, vice president of OIPPA, Rwanda, appears on screen. She is wearing black sunglasses and a burgundy blouse and is standing in front of a burgundy wall. She says, “Another thing is that they can’t give him a job to get a living and it’s still a big challenge because the community still have misperceptions that we cannot afford various activities. They should be facilitated to expose their abilities so that they can get jobs in the public or private sectors.”

Pan over a landscape. Munyakaragwe Felicien is back on camera. He says, “It helps me attend the government’s meetings and meet district leaders and we get to know each other so that I cannot feel nervous to be in the public. And among influential leaders in Nkotsi Sector…” Interviewer asks. “What do you mean by influential leader?” Felicien replies, “He’s a person whose voice is heard by everyone, and they implement his idea. I am also an entertainer in Nkotsi Sector. My secret is that after realizing that the government of Rwanda recognizes me, I started being motivated and happy.” Felicien’s title comes on again: “Munyakaragwe Felicien, beneficiary, OIPPA, Musanze. “When I put on the long sleeve shirt that OIPPA gave me, I feel very smart and I no longer feel lonely. When they see me, they realize that I am determined.” Felicien feeds a cow some grass.

Voiceover says: “The government of Rwanda highlights that among the Sustainable Development Goals, there is the poverty eradication through Girinka Munyarwanda programme projects and other projects designed for citizens’ development, but people with albinism complain that they don’t benefit from them.” A woman with albinism stands outside her home wearing a green dress. She says, “When they were building houses for vulnerable people, that time I was among vulnerable ones the zone leader said: ‘We can’t support that one. What can we support her for?’ I lost the house like that, but I was on the list.”

Cut back to interview with Stephen Rodrigues, UNDP Resident Representative. He says, “As a society if we are to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, we have to look at those groups that are most at risk of being left behind and people with disability are one of those groups.” *More intense music plays* A woman with a red blouse and a hat is again typing at a computer.

Cut to green OIPPA poster. Children eat at school. Voiceover says, “After the establishment of OIPPA in 2013 the rights of people with albinism started being respected and brought them together to share their experiences.” Cut to people eating around a table.

A woman in a courtyard wearing a blue blouse and a pink head scarf says, “I thank OIPPA for bringing us together and we met our colleagues whom we did not know.” Her name appears on screen: Nyirabikari Sphora, Beneficiary, OIPPA, Musanze.

Another woman with a purple head scarf and yellow shirt sits between her two children. She says, “What it helped me…You know my husband told me that I am the only mother or of three, they were many. And I realized that he is right, but I tried to be strong. After the establishment of OIPPA, I realized that I am not alone, and I helped some of them be strong.” Her title comes on screen: Akimpaye Riziki, Beneficiary, OIPPA, Kicukiro.

Shots of OIPPA in the field. Voiceover says, “Now some of them have happier families, others have completed high school and university studies.”

*Piano music* Children talk in a forest supervised by a young woman wearing a hat. They stand around in a circle holding hands, standing, and singing. They appear to be playing a game. They spin in a circle.

Voiceover says: “In empowering people with albinism OIPPA we taught them to make liquid soaps and lotion so that they can get money to buy some lotion for their children without waiting for the association’s support.” Closeup shots of blue soap in a bucket. Shots of someone putting on lotion.

Cut back to interview with Stephen Rodrigues, UNDP Resident Representative. He says, “The third area that I want to mention is the economic empowerment of persons with albinism and here again we’ve been supporting some of the groups and the individuals to embark on economic activities like making liquid soap. There’s one lady who has a family of nine and three of the kids have albinism and she is now making liquid soap and selling and it. When you talk to persons like her and hear the story of how her life has transformed and how she is better able to get the health care for her kids, to send her kids to school, to take better care of her family, that’s when it gets really rewarding and you begin to see the remarkable progress that is being made.”

Cut back to interview with Akimpaye Riziki. We see her mixing blue soap in a bucket. She says, “I am among parents were trained by OIPPA to produce liquid and solid soap. We were trained to produce painting colors, Vaseline jelly, and it will impact us because we were jobless. After training us, now we manage to produce soap.” The camera zooms in on the soap that the Riziki is making. She continues speaking: “The income helps me raise my children, and get money to buy some lotion for them from this business activity.”

An OIPPA staff person speaks to Stephen Rodrigues in his office. They both wear masks. OIPPA staff person says: “During this coronavirus, there are some people who co-produced liquid soap and got food. For sure this project has improved our life condition.” Rodriques says: “Wonderful. I’m so happy to hear that and I think for me listening to you now, it gives me encouragement, and it tells me that we need to do even more, and we need to expand to other districts as well. You said Musanze and Kigali are doing well, but other areas we need to get to. That phase of the project might have ended, but I’m going to work with the team. We have to mobilize more resources to continue this support. It’s too important, this very important group of people, for us to just end the year so that’s what I’ll be doing with the team. We have to make sure that we continue.”

A man kickstarts a motorbike. He is wearing a green helmet and a sweatshirt half light blue and half dark blue. Voiceo ver says: “Nduwayezu Jean Paul is OIPPA’s beneficiary. He is a motorcyclist. He stresses that OIPPA empowered him with entrepreneurship skills and engaged in this career.” Nduwayezu Jean Paul stops his motorcycle and appears to be bargaining with a customer “It’s 300 Rwandan francs. Can’t you pay 500, dear?” Voiceover continues: “It was hard for him to get passenger because they wouldn’t go with him after realizing that he lives with albinism. After the OIPPA’s advocacy he no longer faces discrimination challenges.”

Nduwyezu says, “Obviously, some people still have poor mindsets but others who already changed their mindsets understand that we are also human beings because of being together or riding them for a long time. Honestly, others misunderstand it. When I put on my helmet no one can know who I am. But when I remove the helmet’s glass it became a problem. For many times, I put on gloves and a helmet so that they cannot find out that I have albinism. He finds it out when I remove a helmet’s glass and gets scared. When the passenger has poor mindsets, he immediately denies to go with me but also another one could come and got surprised to see you riding and accepted to go with me. I take him to his destination in the VIP way.” Nduwyezu drives away carrying a passenger.

A man wearing a gray suit, a light blue shirt, and a darker blue tie with sunglasses speaks against the background of a forest. He says, “Everyone knows that he/she can’t survive by begging as other persons with disabilities do, so we got motivated to employ ourselves.”

A boy with albinism wearing a gray sweatshirt and standing against a mud wall says, “I am proud of my skin color, different from past years when I was ashamed to go out. I hid myself and was uncomfortable to be in public. I really felt like I was a vampire but now I’m fine and I have dreams that I want to achieve.” His ID comes on screen: Iradukunda Bertine, Beneficiary, OIPPA, Musanze.

Voiceover comes on as a man washes cutlery: “Persons with albinism no longer fear the sun due to the sun lotion that OIPPA timely provided them. This makes their skin smoother, and the sun lotion prevent them from getting skin cancer.” Several people are shown putting on sunscreen. A woman looks into a pink plastic mirror.

Cut to an OIPPA poster. Voiceover says: “Nicodeme Hakizimana, the executive director of OIPPA, says that they did a lot to strive for a better life and the rights of people with albinism.” Cut to video of Felicien in his village and then to a shot of boy with albinism doing his homework. Cut to video of woman peeling potatoes. Cut to interview with Hakizimana. He says, “One mini lotion bottle that can be used in only a month costs 10,500 Rwandan francs. For a family that has three to four children it is difficult to get 30,0000 to 40,000 Rwandan francs a month to buy the sun lotion for their children while struggling to get 3000 for their health insurance. As an organization, we managed to make advocacy here and there, 215 beneficiaries got sun lotions last year, 2019. All of them were provided sun lotions in partnership with UNDP, Kipharma, Humanity Inclusion, and NUDOR but it is still a challenge.” The camera zooms in on NUDOR logo.

The camera is back to Riziki, the woman with a purple head scarf who has children with albinism.  She is sitting between two of her children. She says, “They got burned went they got exposed to the sun and suffered from skin sores. They felt pain in their whole body. But ever since they got the sun lotion, their skin became smoother.”

Another beneficiary of OIPPA, Mukamana Vumiliya, speaks standing against a background of banana trees. She is wearing a sweatshirt with alternating red, blue and white bands. She says, “I couldn’t move from home to Nyabugogo because I was ashamed of myself. But nowadays I confidently go anywhere and feel proud of myself.” Shots of people with albinism dressing for a day in the sun, buttoning shirts, putting on hats.

Push-in on sun lotion. Voiceover says: “Providing people with albinism with sun lotion, sun capes, long sleeve shirts and sunglasses, boosted their results of students with albinism.” Some students are shown reading books. Voiceover continues: “It was achieved after advocating for them so that schools can promote a more inclusive education.”

A student wearing a green hat tied around his neck and black sunglasses says, “Before getting sunglasses it was too difficult for me to learn because the sun’s rays reflected back into my eyes and immediately fell asleep.”

Another student wearing a blue sweatshirt and a necklace with a wooden cross speaks: “What I think OIPPA for is it supported me with sunglasses so that I can score good grades and manage to see the blackboard. Although I still have some difficulties, it’s not like before.”

Cut back to student wearing green hat tied around his neck. He says, “Before I scored the last five grades. But nowadays, although I still have a long way to go, I hope that… I am optimistic that my grades will be better because I met good people, focusing on my or their goals.”

A young woman with albinism sits with her siblings, some of whom also have albinism. She says, “Before getting sun lotion, I suffered from skin sores due to the sun’s rays and my classmates started going away from me so that they cannot be infected. But now I don’t have any problem.”

Cut back to the meeting between Rodriques and Hakizimana. Rodriques says, “So tell me a little bit about the support that was provided to some of the children, for them to have eyeglasses. Are you seeing many any benefits from that? Are you seeing any difference?” Hakisimana says, “UNDP is the first supporter we have who provided the eyeglasses for others with albinism. It was not easy for us to educate persons with albinism because they have eye problems but since UNDP has provided those eyeglasses, the performance of others with albinism increased in schools, and the evidence is that in a national examination every student who got eyeglasses has passed the national examination.” Rodriques nods and says, “That’s fantastic.” Hakizimana continues: “We have told that UNDP has provided the glasses to help students with albinism to perform better in schools. To have that support from you makes us able to approach the Ministry of Education.”

Cut to interview with Hakizimana and then video of OIPPA poster. Voiceover says: “Hakizamana Nicodeme, the executive director of OIPPA, stresses that after highlighting the challenge of texts in small characters faced by students with albinism during the national examination these problems were addressed in 2019.” Video of young person with albinism in front and then walking out the door holding books. Voiceover continues: “As a result, they all passed with high grades.”

Cut to Hakizimana interview. He says, “Its result is that during the academic year of 2019, all children with albinism from six districts, we shared their list with REB, and they gave them the national examination in large characters and they all passed the exam and they were admitted to higher levels.”

A boy wearing a green long-sleeve shirt with an orange collar sits in front of a gray mud wall. He says, “As a child with albinism, you are a human being like others, you have equal rights as others, you have the right to play, you have the right to access health care, you have the right to be loved, and you have the right to study. Be aware of yourself. Parents who gave birth to us don’t sorrow over wounds caused by people who don’t know human rights, and they have to be aware of it. Be aware of yourself.”

The camera shows aerial views of Rwanda. Voiceover says: “International development activists say: ‘If you want to go fast, go alone, but if you want to go far, go together.’ ” The camera continues showing aerial views of Rwanda. Cut to an OIPPA poster. Narrator says: “OIPPA could not go alone because it had a long way to go and had a target to transform the lives of people with albinism. That’s why it works hand in hand with its partners such as DRF, UNDP, NUDOR, Humanity Inclusion, KIPHARMA, and NCPD.” Logos of these organizations appear on a green screen. Cut to posters from these groups. “They agreed to partner with OIPPA due to its remarkable role in fighting for the rights of people with albinism.” Cut to shot of person with albinism typing on a computer.

Cut to interview with Hakizimana. He says, “What we first did is to advocate for them in the government showing it our challenges in the education sector, showing it our challenges in the health sector, showing it our challenges we faced during the recruitment process.”

Cut to a man wearing a striped shirt against a background of flowering bushes. He says, “NUDOR partners with OIPPA in fighting for the rights of people with albinism, so that those rights can be respected by everyone in terms of service access and laws that don’t discriminate against people with albinism like other people with disabilities.” Shots of people with albinism in their villages.

Cut to interview with Rodrigues. He says, “The work we’ve been doing with people with albinism, we’re seeing good progress in a number of areas. One is just the great awareness of the rights of people with albinism and not just at the community level – within the households, within the families because that’s where it starts. Many mothers and fathers are often ashamed of having children with albinism and so just promoting that awareness. We are seeing people’s minds and attitudes begin to change within the families, within the communities, and so on.” His interview is interspersed with images of adults and kids with albinism interacting. Rodriques continues: “The second area, I think we’re seeing important change is better access to health care for people albinism. We have worked with, helped to provide health insurance to over 100 persons with albinism and their families. So, these persons are now better able to access health care and medicine and the drugs that they need to take care of themselves and their families. We had a partnership with a Rwanda military hospital doing health screening for hundreds of persons with albinism and providing them after the screening with follow-up treatment, follow-up care. Many of the children now have eyeglasses that they didn’t have before, many of the adults have sunscreen to take care of their skin.”

Cut to the woman in a yellow blouse and a blue cap peeling potatoes. Voiceover says: “Even if OIPPA achieved more, people with albinism still face the challenges of discrimination during the recruitment process. This really slows down their development.” Woman peeling the potatoes says, “The simple job here is to be a mason but they can’t easily give you that job.”

Cut to an interview with a young man wearing a light blue sweatshirt, large glasses, and a light blue hat against a backdrop of bushes. He says, “A person with albinism faces many challenges on the job market. First you can apply for a job somewhere and you pass the written test. Then they call you to start a job. After realizing that you have albinism they immediately come up with unexpected excuses and promise to call you.”

*Intense piano music* as someone puts a hat on the man who just spoke. He is smiling. Cut to man driving a motorcycle through a village. Cut to meeting between Hakizimana and Rodrigues.

Voiceover says: “The United Nations Development Program has a positive impact to the rights and well-being of people with albinism in Rwanda.” Cut to shots of people with albinism in Rwanda. Voiceover continues: “Persons with disabilities, especially the ones with albinism, are welcomed with open arms.”

Hakizimana tells Rodrigues: “You know, people with albinism I would I say in Rwanda but even in other countries are neglected. Even in our country people in the government with disabilities are not talking with people with albinism and we have been advocating for this. When you’re working with people with albinism, why we are interested in working with people with albinism, UN institution, other high institutions don’t want even to meet with us. But every time I come, you open the door. I enter. Is this something that you are forced to do or are you happy to work with us?”

Rodriques replies: “No I am extremely happy to work with you. You know, in this life you have to realize that it’s about people, and it’s not about the job. It’s not about the house. It’s not about the car. It’s not about all these things. It’s about people. I want to have a good life where I’m respected and I have my dignity and I can take care of myself and my family, and you want the same. We are people. We are equal people. We are born equal in rights, equal in dignity. And so when I see people, I don’t see their disability, I see them as people. The disability is secondary. It is like my skin color. That’s not what defines me. It’s not your albinism that defines you. You’re a person, and so for me it’s something I believe in very deeply, that we need to just start by seeing each other as brothers and sisters, as one mankind, as one humankind.”

Two young people with albinism are singing. They sing: “Albinism is not an illness or a disease, but the disability comes unexpectedly. Parent, love your child and, be proud of him/her and take care of him/her because he/she is a person like others.” The singers are now standing outside and smiling at each other. *Music intensifies with a guitar riff*

Man with albinism is shown doing masonry work. Voiceover says: “OIPPA’s leadership says that the government should keep sensitizing private sectors to consider persons with albinism during their recruitment process when they express their abilities. Furthermore, they should not be excluded from local government institutions.”

A person with albinism types on a computer. Cut to interview with Hakizimana. He says, “We recommend private and public sectors recruit a potential person with albinism.” Woman walks out of a house and opens a tube of sun screen to give to a man with albinism sitting outside. *Music wraps up with soft piano*

The boy with the light blue sweatshirt, large glasses, and light blue hat is now standing in front bushes. Cut to other shots of people with albinism. Voiceover says: “Till now persons with albinism didn’t have a specific disability category. This prevents them from getting special support like constant skin cancer screening, getting sun capes and sunglasses and they should be included in the national budget as other categories of disabled persons.

Cut to interview with Mukarusine Claudine, vice president of OIPPA Rwanda. She says: “Today, we are not considered as a category of people with disabilities. When budgeting, they classify us in the 5th category, known as ‘other.’ ”

A young person with albinism looks in a mirror and then is standing outside and giving a thumb’s up. He says, “OIPPA’s advocacy helped me pass the national examination. I thought I would stay in primary school so it helped me pass and I joined the senior class. It also had helped me to be given the front seat in the class.”

A woman wearing a long-sleeved USAID sweatshirt and a purple head scarf says, “After meeting OIPPA, we attended workshops and felt proud of our children. Others realize that they are human being just like others.”

Cut to interview with Rodriques. He says, “We see many persons with albinism having skin cancer, eye problems, and so forth, so there’s a whole range of challenges that they face.”Cut to footage from 2018. Voiceover says: “During the meeting known as Umushyikirano 2018, President Paul Kagame agreed that people with albinism will get sun lotion using health insurance. Unfortunately, this decision is not being implemented.” Cut to footage of a man with albinism in a bow tie, dark suit, and baseball hat talking at this meeting. He listens as someone off-camera says, “On that point, I agree with you, and it must be done as soon as possible.” People applaud.

Aerial views of houses in the Rwandan landscape.

Cut to Hakizimana talking with Rodriques. Voiceover says: “Hakizimana Nicodeme requests that concerned institutions speed up what the president granted them so that they can have a better life and skin cancer screening should be consistent.

Cut to Hakizimana interview. He says: “I think that the way government screens other types of cancer, such as ovarian cancer for women and girls, it should take action on the issue of people with albinism so that they can be skin screened consistently to take care of their health.” Images of large moles and other types of skin growths are woven throughout his interview clip.

A young man with albinism feeds a cow. Cut to him sitting inside. He says, “Another recommendation is to train teachers so that they can get skills related to the issue of persons with disabilities.”

Close-up of another young man with albinism against a mud wall outside. He says, “My message to the teachers is to promote equity in the classroom. And note that children with albinism and without albinism have the same ideas.” He starts to sing: “I don’t have words that can express my thoughts, but you’re my day dreams.”

Cut to woman with albinism washing clothes outside. Cut to a woman being interviewed outside her home. She is wearing a blue head scarf and dark sweater. She says, “Oh my God, I start comforting parents whose children have albinism. That they must be proud of them because they are like others. They will fetch water for them, they will collect firewood for them, they will sweep their home. They can do all activities just like the rest of people.”

A woman wearing a pink T shirt and purple head scarf sweeps around her home. Cut to interview with Rodriques. *Music intensifies with guitar riff and then trails into piano fade* He says, “I think that the most fundamental area that all of those stakeholders, all of us need to address is we need to come to an understanding that people albinism are human beings like the rest of us. That’s a starting point. They have talents. They have capabilities. They’re able to study. They’re able to work just like the rest of us, and they have dreams and they had hopes and aspirations just like the rest of us.”

The camera shows a woman making blue soap in a bucket. Voiceover says: “People with albinism have the shared vision of striving for their bright future through the empowerment opportunities provided by OIPPA in partnership with the government of Rwanda and its partners.”

Cut to interview with a man with albinism wearing a gray suit, light blue shirt, and dark glasses. He is sitting outside, with greenery behind him. He says, “I need to keep investing in my talents so that I can increase my income from 20,000 to two million within three years.”

A young man with albinism stands against a mud wall. He says, “I need to be a doctor so that I can treat patients. For example, curing skin cancer or owning a pharmacy that sells sun lotion. These are my dreams.” Cut to images of OIPPA posters.

Children are shown dancing in a circle. Hakizimana says, “We also recommend parents and the Rwandan community do not consider albinism as a curse or taboo or think that a person with albinism cannot contribute to his/her country. Please treat us as human beings. What differentiates us from you is our skin color, but we are all Rwandans and human beings.” Cut to more images of people with albinism and then pans of Rwandan landscape. *Piano music intensifies* CREDITS